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A-Z Glossary
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Glossary Definitions
- eBarrier
An electronic barrier/limitation due to insufficient Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Certain areas may not have as sophisticated an infrastructure as others and this can lead to limitations in their ability to access and process information. - Department of Finance (9th Edition)
- Ebusiness/ecommerce
is a method of buying and selling products and services electronically through the internet and the World Wide Web. - E-commerce
A catchall phrase that covers business conducted electronically on the Internet. - Dell (8th Edition) | Bus Eireann (6th Edition)
- Economic and Monetary Union
The creation of a single currency bloc within the European Union began on 1st January 1999. - Economies of scale
This occurs when more of a good or service is produced, the cost of producing each unit of that good or service is reduced. - Musgrave Group (10th Edition) | BT Ireland (9th Edition) | Amway (9th Edition) | CRH plc (6th Edition) | CRH (13th Edition)
- Electronic publishing
The publishing of professional standard, high quality brochures, direct mailing literature and correspondence, etc. By using word processing and other computer software the user can produce high quality documents economically. It is also known as 'Desk Top Publishing'. - Emerging Markets
The term ‘emerging market’ was originally coined to describe a fairly narrow list of middle-to-higher income economies among the developing countries, with stock markets in which foreigners could buy securities. The term’s meaning has since been expanded to include more or less all developing countries. - AIB (7th Edition)
- Employers Liability
Employers liability claims against the State are for personal injuries arising out of accidents caused to employees of the State during the course of their work e.g. a Garda claiming against An Garda Síochána. - NTMA (10th Edition)
- Empty Nesters
The phrase coined to describe a market segment consisting of households where the children have left home and the parents are still working. Marketing specialists would target this group because of their perceived high level of disposable income. - Encryption Technology
This refers to the technology applied to preserve the secrecy of internet/email communications. Encryption makes it very difficult to intercept e-mails or information stored on an Intranet. It gives consumers/businesses confidence when sending personal information over the internet. - Endowment
An endowment is any money, assets, or property donated to a foundation or other organisation so that the interest can be used as a source of income. - The Atlantic Philantropies(12th Edition)
- Entrepreneur
A person who is innovative and takes the risk of bringing the other factors of production together in a business concern to try and profitably satisfy the needs and wants of a particular segment of a market. - Udaras na Gaeltachta (9th Edition) | InterTradeIreland (6th Edition) | Allied Irish Banks (6th Edition) | Shell (5th Edition)
- Environmental Impact Assessment
An examination of the likely impacts of development proposals on the environment prior to the beginning of any activity. - National Roads Authority (8th Edition)
- Environmental Impact Statement
An examination of the likely impacts of development proposals on the environment prior to the beginning of any activity. - NRA (9th Edition)
- Environmental Reporting
The process of communicating the environmental effects of an organisation’s economic actions through an annual report. Information may also be communicated by a separate stand-alone publicly available environmental report. - NTR (7th Edition)
- Equal opportunities employer
An employer who promotes non-discrimination in employment opportunities. - Musgrave (12th Edition)
- Equity
The capital invested by ordinary shareholders is known as equity. - CRH (8th Edition)
- Equities
The ordinary shares of a company which shareholders own, giving them a stake in a company. - Eu Accession
EU accession countries are countries that are due to become members of the European Union subject to meeting certain conditions. - AIB (7th Edition)
- Ethos
The code of conduct of a business and the way in which it treats its staff, customers, environment and legal responsibilities. - Euro
The currency of EU monetary union, which commenced on January 1st, 1999. The euro notes and coins go into circulation on 1st January 2002. - Euroland
Refers to the 11 EU member states who on Jan 1st 1999 proceeded with European Monetary Union and created the Single European Currency, the Euro. At present it is the 15 EU states minus Britain, Denmark, Sweden and Greece but this will change when countries either meet the entry requirements or vote to join up with their fellow EU member states. - European commission
An institution of the European Union, located in Brussels and run by its 20 members (Commissioners). It is responsible for proposing new policies, implementing existing policies, and ensuring that EU rules are obeyed by the Member States. - European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)
The ERDF promotes economic and social cohesion within the European Union through the reduction of imbalances between regions or social groups. - European Social Fund (ESF)
The EU's financial instrument for investing in people. Its mission is to help prevent and combat unemployment, to equip Europe's workforce to face new challenges and to keep people in touch with the labour market. Fiscal Policy: The government will a) increase or decrease tax or b) increase or decrease government spending to achieve its economic objectives. - European Structural Fund
The fund designated to reduce the wealth gap between the various European regions. Most of this aid comes in the form of funding to improve agricultural, industrial and infrastructural projects. - Special EU Programmes Body (9th Edition)
- European System of Central Banks (ESCB)
The European System of Central Banks (ESCB) is composed of the European Central Bank (ECB) and the national central banks (NCBs) of all 15 EU Member States. - Central Bank (7th Edition)
- Eurosystem
The twelve national central banks of the euro area and the European Central Bank make up the eurosystem. It is the responsibility of the eurosystem to ensure the transition to the euro is as smooth as possible. Its primary objective is the maintenance of price stability and to protect the purchasing power of the euro. - Central Bank (7th Edition)
- Eurozone
On 1st January 1999 the euro became the national currency for 11 countries in the eurozone. On that date the rate of exchange between currencies of Austria, Belgium, France, Finland, Germany, Holland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal and Spain were fixed. Greece joined the euro as the twelfth member on 1st January 2001. This is also called the euro area. - AIB (5th Edition)
- Expansion
A firm usually expands to gain the benefits that normally accompany large-scale production. These include lower net costs of production, the chance to attract or headhunt the best managerial talent available, reduced advertising costs, the possibility of attracting larger investment, cheaper bank charges and of course the possibility of increased profits. A firm may expand organically by expanding its product lines or inorganically through acquisitions and mergers. - CRH (5th Edition) | Enterprise Ireland (5th Edition)
- Extraordinary General Meeting
A meeting of company shareholders to vote on non-routine matters such as approval of a take-over.
